Shabbat is considered by many Jewish scholars to be the most important holiday of all, at it is the only holiday specifically mentioned in the Ten Commandments. The first time it is mentioned occurs in Exodus 16, immediately following the Lord delivering the people of Israel out of Egypt.
The Lord says to the people of Israel, through Moses, that "tomorrow will be a day of complete rest, a holy Sabbath day set apart for the LORD. So bake or boil as much as you want today, and set aside what is left for tomorrow." Since this point, Shabbat has been considered a blessing gift from God.
Of course, this mention of the Sabbath resonates with the one of the earliest passages in the Old Testament during Gods creation of existence. In Genesis 2:3 it is written "So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation." While the seventh day is not specifically dubbed Shabbat at ! this point, it is the first time the Old Testament makes mention of a day of rest.
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